Problem Statement

There are 100 doors in a row that are all initially closed. You make 100 passes by the doors. The first time through, visit every door and  toggle  the door  (if the door is closed,  open it;   if it is open,  close it). The second time, only visit every 2nd door   (door #2, #4, #6, ...),   and toggle it.
The third time, visit every 3rd door   (door #3, #6, #9, ...), etc,   until you only visit the 100th door.

Answer the question:   what state are the doors in after the last pass?   Which are open, which are closed?

Alternate:
As noted in this page's   discussion page,   the only doors that remain open are those whose numbers are perfect squares. Opening only those doors is an   optimization   that may also be expressed; however, as should be obvious, this defeats the intent of comparing implementations across programming languages.

Let's start with the solution:

include "cowgol.coh";

var doors: uint8[101];  # one extra so we can start at 1
var pass: @indexof doors;
var door: @indexof doors;

MemZero(&doors as [uint8], @bytesof doors);

pass := 1;
while pass <= 100 loop
    door := pass;
    while door <= 100 loop
        doors[door] := 1-doors[door];
        door := door + pass;
    end loop;
    pass := pass + 1;
end loop;

door := 1;
while door <= 100 loop
    if doors[door] == 1 then
        print_i8(door);
        print(" is open\n");
    end if;
    door := door + 1;
end loop;