How to resolve the algorithm Bitcoin/public point to address step by step in the Nim programming language
How to resolve the algorithm Bitcoin/public point to address step by step in the Nim programming language
Table of Contents
Problem Statement
Bitcoin uses a specific encoding format to encode the digest of an elliptic curve public point into a short ASCII string. The purpose of this task is to perform such a conversion. The encoding steps are: The base-58 encoding is based on an alphabet of alphanumeric characters (numbers, upper case and lower case, in that order) but without the four characters 0, O, l and I. Here is an example public point: The corresponding address should be: 16UwLL9Risc3QfPqBUvKofHmBQ7wMtjvM Nb. The leading '1' is not significant as 1 is zero in base-58. It is however often added to the bitcoin address for various reasons. There can actually be several of them. You can ignore this and output an address without the leading 1. Extra credit: add a verification procedure about the public point, making sure it belongs to the secp256k1 elliptic curve
Let's start with the solution:
Step by Step solution about How to resolve the algorithm Bitcoin/public point to address step by step in the Nim programming language
Source code in the nim programming language
import parseutils
import nimcrypto
import bignum
func base58Encode(data: seq[byte]): string =
## Encode data to base58 with at most one starting '1'.
var data = data
const Base = "123456789ABCDEFGHJKLMNPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijkmnopqrstuvwxyz"
result.setlen(34)
# Convert to base 58.
for j in countdown(result.high, 0):
var c = 0
for i, b in data:
c = c * 256 + b.int
data[i] = (c div 58).byte
c = c mod 58
result[j] = Base[c]
# Keep one starting '1' at most.
if result[0] == '1':
for idx in 1..result.high:
if result[idx] != '1':
result = result[(idx - 1)..^1]
break
func hexToByteSeq(s: string): seq[byte] =
## Convert a hexadecimal string to a sequence of bytes.
var pos = 0
while pos < s.len:
var tmp = 0
let parsed = parseHex(s, tmp, pos, 2)
if parsed > 0:
inc pos, parsed
result.add byte tmp
else:
raise newException(ValueError, "Invalid hex string")
func validCoordinates(x, y: string): bool =
## Return true if the coordinates are those of a point in the secp256k1 elliptic curve.
let p = newInt("FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFEFFFFFC2F", 16)
let x = newInt(x, 16)
let y = newInt(y, 16)
result = y^2 mod p == (x^3 + 7) mod p
func addrEncode(x, y: string): string =
## Encode x and y coordinates to an address.
if not validCoordinates(x, y):
raise newException(ValueError, "Invalid coordinates")
let pubPoint = 4u8 & x.hexToByteSeq & y.hexToByteSeq
if pubPoint.len != 65:
raise newException(ValueError, "Invalid pubpoint string")
var rmd = @(ripemd160.digest(sha256.digest(pubPoint).data).data)
rmd.insert 0u8
rmd.add sha256.digest(sha256.digest(rmd).data).data[0..3]
result = base58Encode(rmd)
when isMainModule:
let address = addrEncode("50863AD64A87AE8A2FE83C1AF1A8403CB53F53E486D8511DAD8A04887E5B2352",
"2CD470243453A299FA9E77237716103ABC11A1DF38855ED6F2EE187E9C582BA6")
echo "Coordinates are valid."
echo "Address is: ", address
You may also check:How to resolve the algorithm Roots of a function step by step in the Maxima programming language
You may also check:How to resolve the algorithm Nim game step by step in the EasyLang programming language
You may also check:How to resolve the algorithm Create a file on magnetic tape step by step in the Raku programming language
You may also check:How to resolve the algorithm Grayscale image step by step in the Oz programming language
You may also check:How to resolve the algorithm Menu step by step in the GW-BASIC programming language