Step by Step solution about How to resolve the algorithm Cartesian product of two or more lists step by step in the Ruby programming language

The provided Ruby code demonstrates the use of the product method, which is used to combine the elements of multiple arrays into a single array of arrays.

Here's a detailed explanation of each line of code:

1. p [1, 2].product([3, 4]): This line computes the product of the arrays [1, 2] and [3, 4]. The resulting array is an array of arrays, where each inner array represents a pair of elements from the original arrays. In this case, the result is [[1, 3], [1, 4], [2, 3], [2, 4]].

2. p [3, 4].product([1, 2]): Similar to the previous line, this line computes the product of [3, 4] and [1, 2], resulting in [[3, 1], [3, 2], [4, 1], [4, 2]].

3. p [1, 2].product([]): In this case, one of the arrays is empty (i.e., []). The product of an array with an empty array is always an empty array, so the result is [].

4. p [].product([1, 2]): Similarly, when both arrays are empty, the product is an empty array, resulting in [].

5. p [1776, 1789].product([7, 12], [4, 14, 23], [0, 1]): This line computes the product of the array [1776, 1789] with three other arrays: [7, 12], [4, 14, 23], and [0, 1]. The result is an array of arrays that contains all possible combinations of elements from the input arrays. For example, one of the inner arrays is [1776, 7, 4, 0].

6. p [1, 2, 3].product([30], [500, 100]): In this line, the array [1, 2, 3] is combined with [30] and [500, 100]. The result is [[1, 30, 500], [1, 30, 100], [2, 30, 500], [2, 30, 100], [3, 30, 500], [3, 30, 100]].

7. p [1, 2, 3].product([], [500, 100]): Since the first array is empty, the result is an empty array, so the output is [].

p [1, 2].product([3, 4]) 
p [3, 4].product([1, 2])
p [1, 2].product([])
p [].product([1, 2]) 
p [1776, 1789].product([7, 12], [4, 14, 23], [0, 1])
p [1, 2, 3].product([30], [500, 100]) 
p [1, 2, 3].product([], [500, 100])