Step by Step solution about How to resolve the algorithm Determine if a string has all the same characters step by step in the Go programming language

Code Overview:

The provided Go program analyzes a series of strings to determine whether all characters in each string are the same. It iterates through each character in a string and checks for differences. If a difference is found, it prints an error message and returns. Otherwise, it prints a success message.

Detailed Explanation:

Package Declaration:

package main

This line declares that the program is in the main package, indicating that it contains the program's entry point.

Import Statements:

import "fmt"

This line imports the fmt package, which provides functions for printing formatted text and input.

analyze Function:

func analyze(s string) {
   // ...
}

This function analyzes a string s to determine whether all of its characters are the same.

• Convert String to Runes: chars := []rune(s) - Converts the string s into a slice of Unicode code points, represented as runes.

• Get String Length: le := len(chars) - Computes the length of the rune slice, which is the same as the length of the original string.

• Print Analysis Introduction: fmt.Printf("Analyzing %q which has a length of %d:\n", s, le) - Prints information about the string being analyzed, including its original value and length.

• Iterate over Characters: for i := 1; i < le; i++ - Iterates over each character in the string, starting from the second character (index 1).

• Compare Characters:

  if chars[i] != chars[i-1] {
     fmt.Println("  Not all characters in the string are the same.")
     fmt.Printf("  %q (%#[1]x) is different at position %d.\n\n", chars[i], i+1)
     return
  }

  • Checks if the current character chars[i] is different from the previous character chars[i-1].
  • If they are different, it prints error messages and returns from the function.
  • fmt.Printf(" %q (%#[1]x) is different at position %d.\n\n", chars[i], i+1) prints the current character (as a string and as its hexadecimal representation), along with its position in the string.

• Print Success Message: fmt.Println(" All characters in the string are the same.\n") - If the loop completes without finding any differences, it prints a success message indicating that all characters in the string are the same.

main Function:

func main() {
   strings := []string{
       // ...
   }
   for _, s := range strings {
       analyze(s)
   }
}

• Define String Slice: strings := []string{...} - Defines a slice of strings, each of which will be analyzed by the analyze function.

• Iterate over Strings: for _, s := range strings - Iterates over each string s in the strings slice.

• Call analyze Function: analyze(s) - Calls the analyze function to analyze the current string s.

package main

import "fmt"

func analyze(s string) {
    chars := []rune(s)
    le := len(chars)
    fmt.Printf("Analyzing %q which has a length of %d:\n", s, le)
    if le > 1 {
        for i := 1; i < le; i++ {
            if chars[i] != chars[i-1] {
                fmt.Println("  Not all characters in the string are the same.")
                fmt.Printf("  %q (%#[1]x) is different at position %d.\n\n", chars[i], i+1)
                return
            }
        }
    }
    fmt.Println("  All characters in the string are the same.\n")
}

func main() {
    strings := []string{
        "",
        "   ",
        "2",
        "333",
        ".55",
        "tttTTT",
        "4444 444k",
        "pépé",
        "🐶🐶🐺🐶",
        "🎄🎄🎄🎄",
    }
    for _, s := range strings {
        analyze(s)
    }
}