Step by Step solution about How to resolve the algorithm Enumerations step by step in the Ruby programming language

The code defines the two modules Fruits and Card containing constants:

Fruits module:

• Defines constants APPLE, BANANA, and CHERRY with values 0, 1, and 2, respectively.

Card module:

• SUITS: An array of symbols representing the suits in a deck of cards ([:Clubs, :Hearts, :Spades, :Diamonds]).
• SUIT_VALUE: A hash created using the each_with_index method to associate each suit with its corresponding index. In Ruby 2.1 and later, this is done with SUITS.each_with_index.to_h. In earlier versions, it would be Hash[SUITS.each_with_index.to_a].
• PIPS: An array of symbols representing the pips (numbers and face cards) in a deck of cards ([:2, :3, :4, :5, :6, :7, :8, :9, :10, :Jack, :Queen, :King, :Ace]).
• PIP_VALUE: A hash created using each.with_index(2) to associate each pip with its corresponding value, starting from 2. Ruby 2.1 and later uses PIPS.each.with_index(2).to_h, while earlier versions use Hash[PIPS.each.with_index(2).to_a].

Usage of #include? method with constant symbols:

FRUITS = [:apple, :banana, :cherry]
val = :banana
FRUITS.include?(val)      #=> true

This shows how the include? method can be used to check if a value is present in an array of symbols representing the constants defined in the Fruits module.

module Fruits
  APPLE  = 0
  BANANA = 1
  CHERRY = 2
end

# It is possible to use a symbol if the value is unrelated.

FRUITS = [:apple, :banana, :cherry]
val = :banana
FRUITS.include?(val)      #=> true


module Card
  # constants
  SUITS = %i(Clubs Hearts Spades Diamonds)
  SUIT_VALUE = SUITS.each_with_index.to_h               # version 2.1+
# SUIT_VALUE = Hash[ SUITS.each_with_index.to_a ]       # before it
  #=> {:Clubs=>0, :Hearts=>1, :Spades=>2, :Diamonds=>3}
 
  PIPS = %i(2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Jack Queen King Ace)
  PIP_VALUE = PIPS.each.with_index(2).to_h              # version 2.1+
# PIP_VALUE = Hash[ PIPS.each.with_index(2).to_a ]      # before it
  #=> {:"2"=>2, :"3"=>3, :"4"=>4, :"5"=>5, :"6"=>6, :"7"=>7, :"8"=>8, :"9"=>9, :"10"=>10, :Jack=>11, :Queen=>12, :King=>13, :Ace=>14}
end