Step by Step solution about How to resolve the algorithm Munchausen numbers step by step in the Go programming language

The source code was developed using the Go programming language and deals with a mathematical concept known as "Munchausen numbers." Munchausen numbers are numbers that are equal to the sum of the digits of their powers raised to the power of the respective digits.

The code determines whether a given number is a Munchausen number by iterating through the digits of the number and calculating the sum of the digits of each digit's power raised to the power of the respective digit. If this sum is equal to the original number, then the number is a Munchausen number.

The code also includes a cache of pre-calculated powers for digits 1 to 9 to improve performance.

The code first creates a slice called powers that stores the pre-calculated powers for digits 1 to 9. Then, it iterates through numbers from 0 to 500,000,000, checking if each number is a Munchausen number. If a number is a Munchausen number, it is printed to the console.

Here's a step-by-step explanation of the code:

1. The powers slice is populated with the pre-calculated powers of digits 1 to 9.
2. A loop is used to iterate through numbers from 0 to 500,000,000.
3. For each number, the isMunchausen function is called to check if it is a Munchausen number.
4. If the number is a Munchausen number, it is printed to the console.

package main

import(
    "fmt"
    "math"
)

var powers [10]int

func isMunchausen(n int) bool {
    if n < 0 { return false }
    n64 := int64(n)
    nn  := n64
    var sum int64 = 0
    for nn > 0 {
        sum += int64(powers[nn % 10])
        if sum > n64 { return false }
        nn /= 10
    }
    return sum == n64
}

func main() {
    // cache n ^ n for n in 0..9, defining 0 ^ 0 = 0 for this purpose
    for i := 1; i <= 9; i++ {
        d := float64(i)  
        powers[i] = int(math.Pow(d, d))
    }
 
    // check numbers 0 to 500 million
    fmt.Println("The Munchausen numbers between 0 and 500 million are:")
    for i := 0; i <= 500000000; i++ {
        if isMunchausen(i) { fmt.Printf("%d ", i) }
    }
    fmt.Println()
}