Step by Step solution about How to resolve the algorithm Nested function step by step in the Java programming language

The provided Java code demonstrates the use of nested functions, which are functions defined within other functions. In this code, a function called makeList is defined, which takes a separator string as an argument.

Within the makeList function, an AtomicInteger named counter is created and initialized to 1. It's used to generate unique numbers for each item in the list.

Then, a function makeItem is defined as a lambda expression. It takes a single string as an argument and returns a string with a unique number, the provided separator, and the input string, followed by a newline character.

The makeList function calls makeItem three times to create a list of strings for the items "first," "second," and "third." The resulting strings are concatenated into a single string and returned.

In the main method, the makeList function is called with a separator of ". " (a period and a space). The result is printed to the console, which will be a list of the three items separated by ". ".

In summary, this code showcases how nested functions can be used to create dynamic and reusable components within a larger function. In this case, the makeItem function is used to create individual list items within the makeList function.

Java Nested Functions:

This is a Java program that demonstrates the use of nested functions.

Breakdown of the Code:

1. Importing Libraries:

   • import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger; imports the AtomicInteger class to handle concurrency issues with the incrementing counter.
   • import java.util.function.Function; imports the Function interface for functional programming.

2. makeList Method:

   • This method accepts a string separator as a parameter.
   • It initializes an AtomicInteger object counter with an initial value of 1. This counter will be used to enumerate items in the list.
   • It creates a nested function makeItem using a lambda expression. This function takes a string item as input and returns a string containing the enumerated item separated by the provided separator.
   • The makeList method returns a string that is the concatenation of the results of applying the makeItem function to three strings: "first," "second," and "third."

3. main Method:

   • Calls the makeList method with a separator of ". " (a period and a space).
   • The result of the makeList method call is printed to the console, which will be a list of enumerated items separated by ". ".

Explanation:

This code shows how to use nested functions in Java. Nested functions allow us to create local functions within other functions. In this case, the makeItem function is defined within the makeList function. This allows us to encapsulate the logic for creating each list item within the method that generates the entire list.

Output:

1. first
2. second
3. third

import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
import java.util.function.Function;

public class NestedFunctionsDemo {

    static String makeList(String separator) {
        AtomicInteger counter = new AtomicInteger(1);

        Function<String, String> makeItem = item -> counter.getAndIncrement() + separator + item + "\n";

        return makeItem.apply("first") + makeItem.apply("second") + makeItem.apply("third");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(makeList(". "));
    }
}