Step by Step solution about How to resolve the algorithm Polymorphism step by step in the Haskell programming language

The code provided is in Haskell and defines data types for points and circles, along with instances for the Show typeclass to provide custom string representations for these types. Additionally, it defines several constructors for circles that set specific values for the x, y, and radius properties.

Here is a breakdown of the code:

1. data Point = Point Integer Integer: This defines a data type named Point that represents a point in a two-dimensional space. It consists of two Integer fields, x and y, representing the x and y coordinates of the point.

2. instance Show Point where: This declares an instance of the Show typeclass for the Point data type. The Show typeclass provides a way to convert a value into a string representation. The show function defined here returns a string representation of a Point in the format "Point at x,y", where x and y are the values of the x and y fields.

3. ponXAxis = flip Point 0: This defines a function named ponXAxis that takes two arguments: a value of type Integer and a value of type Point. It returns a new Point value with the same x coordinate as the input point and a y coordinate of 0.

4. ponYAxis = Point 0: This defines a function named ponYAxis that takes a value of type Integer as an argument and returns a new Point value with an x coordinate of 0 and the same y coordinate as the input value.

5. porigin = Point 0 0: This defines a variable named porigin of type Point with both x and y coordinates set to 0, effectively representing the origin of the coordinate system.

6. data Circle = Circle Integer Integer Integer: This defines a data type named Circle that represents a circle in a two-dimensional space. It consists of three Integer fields: x, y, and r, representing the x and y coordinates of the circle's center and its radius, respectively.

7. instance Show Circle where: This declares an instance of the Show typeclass for the Circle data type, providing a custom string representation. The show function here returns a string representation of a Circle in the format "Circle at x,y with radius r", where x, y, and r are the values of the x, y, and r fields.

8. conXAxis = flip Circle 0: This defines a function named conXAxis that takes two arguments: a value of type Integer and a value of type Circle. It returns a new Circle value with the same x coordinate as the input circle and a y coordinate of 0.

9. conYAxis = Circle 0: This defines a function named conYAxis that takes a value of type Integer as an argument and returns a new Circle value with an x coordinate of 0 and the same y coordinate as the input value.

10. catOrigin = Circle 0 0: This defines a variable named catOrigin of type Circle with both x and y coordinates set to 0 and a radius of 0, effectively representing a circle centered at the origin with zero radius.

11. c0OnXAxis = flip (flip Circle 0) 0: This defines a function named c0OnXAxis that takes two arguments: a value of type Integer and a value of type Circle. It returns a new Circle value with an x coordinate of 0, a y coordinate of the input value, and a radius of 0.

12. c0OnYAxis = flip (Circle 0) 0: This defines a function named c0OnYAxis that takes a value of type Integer as an argument and returns a new Circle value with an x coordinate of 0, a y coordinate of 0, and a radius of the input value.

data Point = Point Integer Integer
instance Show Point where
    show (Point x y) = "Point at "++(show x)++","++(show y)
    
-- Constructor that sets y to 0
ponXAxis = flip Point 0

-- Constructor that sets x to 0
ponYAxis = Point 0

-- Constructor that sets x and y to 0
porigin = Point 0 0

data Circle = Circle Integer Integer Integer
instance Show Circle where
    show (Circle x y r) = "Circle at "++(show x)++","++(show y)++" with radius "++(show r)
    
-- Constructor that sets y to 0
conXAxis = flip Circle 0

-- Constructor that sets x to 0
conYAxis = Circle 0

-- Constructor that sets x and y to 0
catOrigin = Circle 0 0

--Constructor that sets y and r to 0
c0OnXAxis = flip (flip Circle 0) 0

--Constructor that sets x and r to 0
c0OnYAxis = flip (Circle 0) 0