How to resolve the algorithm Polymorphism step by step in the PHP programming language

Published on 12 May 2024 09:40 PM
#Php

How to resolve the algorithm Polymorphism step by step in the PHP programming language

Table of Contents

Problem Statement

Create two classes   Point(x,y)   and   Circle(x,y,r)   with a polymorphic function print, accessors for (x,y,r), copy constructor, assignment and destructor and every possible default constructors

Let's start with the solution:

Step by Step solution about How to resolve the algorithm Polymorphism step by step in the PHP programming language

This code demonstrates object-oriented programming principles in PHP, specifically the creation and use of classes and objects representing points and circles. Let's break down the code step by step:

Class Point:

  1. The Point class represents a point in a 2D space with coordinates x and y.

  2. The constructor __construct() method takes either a single Point object or two numeric values (x and y) as arguments to initialize the point's coordinates.

  3. It also has getter and setter methods for accessing and modifying the x and y coordinates.

  4. The output() method prints a string representation of the point in the format "Point [x:,y:]".

Class Circle:

  1. The Circle class extends the Point class, inheriting the x and y coordinates from the parent class.

  2. The constructor __construct() method takes either a single Circle object or a combination of arguments (Point and radius, or x, y, and radius) to initialize the circle's properties.

  3. It also has a getter and setter method for the radius property.

  4. The getPoint() method returns a Point object representing the center of the circle.

  5. The __toString() method returns a string representation of the circle in the format "Circle [,radius:]".

Usage:

  1. An instance of the Point class is created with coordinates (1, 5).

  2. An instance of the Circle class is created with center at (1, 5) and radius 6.

  3. The output() method is called on the point and circle objects to print their string representations. Alternatively, you can use the echo statement with the objects directly since they have overridden the __toString() method.

Output:

Point [x:1,y:5]
Circle [Point [x:1,y:5],radius:6]

Source code in the php programming language

class Point
{
  protected $_x;

  protected $_y;
  
  public function __construct()
  {
    switch( func_num_args() )
    {
      case 1:
        $point = func_get_arg( 0 );
        $this->setFromPoint( $point );
        break;
      case 2:
        $x = func_get_arg( 0 );
        $y = func_get_arg( 1 );
        $this->setX( $x );
        $this->setY( $y );
        break;
      default:
        throw new InvalidArgumentException( 'expecting one (Point) argument or two (numeric x and y) arguments' );
    }
  }
  
  public function setFromPoint( Point $point )
  {
    $this->setX( $point->getX() );
    $this->setY( $point->getY() );
  }
  
  public function getX()
  {
    return $this->_x;
  }
  
  public function setX( $x )
  {
    if( !is_numeric( $x ) )
    {
      throw new InvalidArgumentException( 'expecting numeric value' );
    }
    
    $this->_x = (float) $x;
  }
  
  public function getY()
  {
    return $this->_y;
  }
  
  public function setY( $y )
  {
    if( !is_numeric( $y ) )
    {
      throw new InvalidArgumentException( 'expecting numeric value' );
    }
    
    $this->_y = (float) $y;
  }
  
  public function output()
  {
    echo $this->__toString();
  }
  
  public function __toString()
  {
    return 'Point [x:' . $this->_x . ',y:' . $this->_y . ']';
  }
}


class Circle extends Point
{
  private $_radius;
  
  public function __construct()
  {
    switch( func_num_args() )
    {
      case 1:
        $circle = func_get_arg( 0 );
        $this->setFromCircle( $circle );
        break;
      case 2:
        $point = func_get_arg( 0 );
        $radius = func_get_arg( 1 );
        $this->setFromPoint( $point );
        $this->setRadius( $radius );
        break;
      case 3:
        $x = func_get_arg( 0 );
        $y = func_get_arg( 1 );
        $radius = func_get_arg( 2 );
        $this->setX( $x );
        $this->setY( $y );
        $this->setRadius( $radius );
        break;
      default:
        throw new InvalidArgumentException( 'expecting one (Circle) argument or two (Point and numeric radius) or three (numeric x, y and radius) arguments' );
    }
  }
  
  public function setFromCircle( Circle $circle )
  {
    $this->setX( $circle->getX() );
    $this->setY( $circle->getY() );
    $this->setRadius( $circle->getRadius() );
  }
  
  public function getPoint()
  {
    return new Point( $this->getX(), $this->getY() );
  }
  
  public function getRadius()
  {
    return $this->_radius;
  }
  
  public function setRadius( $radius )
  {
    if( !is_numeric( $radius ) )
    {
      throw new InvalidArgumentException( 'expecting numeric value' );
    }
    
    $this->_radius = (float) $radius;
  }
  
  public function __toString()
  {
    return 'Circle [' . $this->getPoint() . ',radius:' . $this->_radius . ']';
  }
}


$point = new Point( 1, 5 );
$circle = new Circle( 1, 5, 6 );

$point->output();
// or
echo $point;

echo "\n";

$circle->output();
// or
echo $circle;

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