Step by Step solution about How to resolve the algorithm SHA-256 step by step in the Go programming language

The provided Go program calculates the SHA256 hash of the string "Rosetta code". SHA256 is a cryptographic hash function commonly used to verify the integrity and authenticity of data.

Here's a breakdown of the code:

1. Package and Imports:

package main

import (
   "crypto/sha256"
   "fmt"
   "log"
)

• The code starts with the package main declaration, indicating that it is the main program file.
• It imports the necessary packages:
  • crypto/sha256 for SHA256 hashing
  • fmt for printing the result
  • log for error handling

2. main Function:

func main() {
   // Create a new SHA256 hash object
   h := sha256.New()

• The main function is the entry point of the program.
• It creates a new SHA256 hash object using sha256.New(). This object will be used to calculate the hash.

3. Writing Data to the Hash Object:

   if _, err := h.Write([]byte("Rosetta code")); err != nil {
       log.Fatal(err)
   }

• The Write method is used to write data to the hash object. In this case, it writes the byte slice representation of the string "Rosetta code" to the hash object.
• If any error occurs during writing, it is logged using log.Fatal, causing the program to terminate.

4. Calculating the Hash:

   fmt.Printf("%x\n", h.Sum(nil))
}

• The Sum method calculates the hash of the data written to the hash object. It takes a byte slice as an argument, but in this case, we pass nil to indicate that we want the hash of the data already written.
• The result is returned as a byte slice.
• The fmt.Printf statement formats and prints the hash value in hexadecimal format.

package main

import (
    "crypto/sha256"
    "fmt"
    "log"
)

func main() {
    h := sha256.New()
    if _, err := h.Write([]byte("Rosetta code")); err != nil {
        log.Fatal(err)
    }
    fmt.Printf("%x\n", h.Sum(nil))
}