How to resolve the algorithm Split a character string based on change of character step by step in the C programming language

Published on 7 June 2024 03:52 AM
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How to resolve the algorithm Split a character string based on change of character step by step in the C programming language

Table of Contents

Problem Statement

Split a (character) string into comma (plus a blank) delimited strings based on a change of character   (left to right). Show the output here   (use the 1st example below).

Blanks should be treated as any other character   (except they are problematic to display clearly).   The same applies to commas.

For instance, the string: should be split and show:

Let's start with the solution:

Step by Step solution about How to resolve the algorithm Split a character string based on change of character step by step in the C programming language

The provided C code takes a string, 'input', as input and splits it into a new string, 'result', where each character is separated by ", ". The function 'split' performs this operation. Here's a detailed explanation of the code:

  1. Header Files:

    • The code includes the necessary header files for input/output operations (<stdio.h>), memory allocation (<stdlib.h>), and string manipulation (<string.h>).
  2. 'split' Function:

    • The split function takes a single character pointer, str, as input and returns a newly allocated string containing the split version of the input string.
    • It initializes several variables:
      • last: Stores the last encountered character in the input string.
      • result: A pointer to the allocated memory for the split string.
      • counter: A pointer that iterates through the result string.
    • It loops through the characters of the input string str:
      • If the current character is different from the last character, it inserts a ", " separator into the result string using strcpy.
      • It updates last to the current character.
      • It copies the current character to the result string.
    • After processing all characters, it terminates the result string with a null character ('\0') and uses realloc to adjust the size of the allocated memory to fit the actual length of the result string. Finally, it returns the result pointer.
  3. 'main' Function:

    • The main function defines the entry point of the program:
      • It declares a character array input of size 13 and initializes it with the given string "gHHH5YY++///".
      • It calls the split function on the input string and prints the returned split string.
  4. Program Flow:

    • The program executes the main function.
    • The main function calls the split function, passing the input string.
    • The split function processes the input string, inserts ", " separators for consecutive similar characters, and returns the split string.
    • The main function prints the split string, which is the original string with ", " separators.

Source code in the c programming language

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
char *split(char *str);
int main(int argc,char **argv)
{
	char input[13]="gHHH5YY++///\\";
	printf("%s\n",split(input));
}
char *split(char *str)
{
	char last=*str,*result=malloc(3*strlen(str)),*counter=result;
	for (char *c=str;*c;c++) {
		if (*c!=last) {
			strcpy(counter,", ");
			counter+=2;
			last=*c;
		}
		*counter=*c;
		counter++;
	}
	*(counter--)='\0';
	return realloc(result,strlen(result));
}


  

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