Step by Step solution about How to resolve the algorithm The Twelve Days of Christmas step by step in the C programming language

The provided C program is a rendition of the popular Christmas carol, "The Twelve Days of Christmas". It utilizes two-dimensional arrays to store the days and corresponding gifts mentioned in the song. Here's a detailed breakdown of the code:

1. Header Files:

   #include<stdio.h>

   This line includes the standard input/output header file, which provides functions for input and output operations.

2. Main Function:

   int main()
   {
      // Variable declarations
      int i, j;
   
      // Array of day names
      char days[12][10] = { ... };
   
      // Array of gifts
      char gifts[12][33] = { ... };
   
      // Loop to iterate through each day
      for(i=0;i<12;i++)
      {
          // Print the day
          printf("\n\nOn the %s day of Christmas\nMy true love gave to me:\n", days[i]);
   
          // Loop to print the gifts
          for(j=i;j>=0;j--)
          {
              // Print a specific gift
              (i==0)?printf("\nA partridge in a pear tree."):printf("\n%s%c",gifts[11-j],(j!=0)?',':' ');
          }
      }
   
      // Return 0 to indicate successful program execution
      return 0;
   }

3. Variable Declarations:

   • i and j: Loop control variables.
   • days: A 2D array of characters storing the names of the twelve days of Christmas.
   • gifts: A 2D array of characters storing the gifts corresponding to each day.

4. Initialization of Arrays:

   • The days array is initialized with the names of the twelve days of Christmas as strings.
   • The gifts array is initialized with the descriptions of the gifts received on each day as strings.

5. Main Loop:

   • The outer loop iterates through each day of Christmas.
   • For each day, the program prints the day's name.

6. Nested Loop:

   • The inner loop iterates through the gifts received on the current day.
   • The loop starts from the last gift received on that day and goes backward.
   • Each gift is printed on a new line.
   • The special case for the first day (when there is only one gift) is handled separately.

7. Printing Gifts:

   • The program prints the gift descriptions stored in the gifts array.
   • If it's not the first day, a comma is added between the gifts.

8. Return Statement:

   • The main() function returns 0 to indicate successful program execution to the operating system.

When you run this program, it will print the lyrics of the "Twelve Days of Christmas" song, listing the gifts received on each day in the correct order.

#include<stdio.h>
 
int main()
{
    int i,j;
 
    char days[12][10] = 
    {
        "First",
        "Second",
        "Third",
        "Fourth",
        "Fifth",
        "Sixth",
        "Seventh",
        "Eighth",
        "Ninth",
        "Tenth",
        "Eleventh",
        "Twelfth"
    };

    char gifts[12][33] =
    {
        "Twelve drummers drumming",
        "Eleven pipers piping",
        "Ten lords a-leaping",
        "Nine ladies dancing",
        "Eight maids a-milking",
        "Seven swans a-swimming",
        "Six geese a-laying",
        "Five golden rings",
        "Four calling birds",
        "Three french hens", 
        "Two turtle doves", 
        "And a partridge in a pear tree."
    };
 
    for(i=0;i<12;i++)
    {
        printf("\n\nOn the %s day of Christmas\nMy true love gave to me:",days[i]);
 
        for(j=i;j>=0;j--)
        {
            (i==0)?printf("\nA partridge in a pear tree."):printf("\n%s%c",gifts[11-j],(j!=0)?',':' ');
        }
    }
 
    return 0;
}