Step by Step solution about How to resolve the algorithm The Twelve Days of Christmas step by step in the C++ programming language

The provided C++ program is a rendition of the classic Christmas carol "The Twelve Days of Christmas". It utilizes two constant arrays named days and gifts to store the respective days and gifts associated with each day of the song.

The main function employs a loop to iterate through the days array. For each day, it prints the corresponding day's name and then proceeds to print the gifts associated with that day.

A special case is considered for the first day, as it only has one gift ("A partridge in a pear tree"). For all other days, a loop is used to print the gifts in reverse order, beginning with the gift for the current day and ending with the gift for the first day.

Here's a breakdown of the program:

• Constant Arrays:

  • days: An array of strings containing the names of the days.
  • gifts: An array of strings containing the gifts associated with each day.

• Main Function:

  • The main function is the entry point of the program.

  • It initializes the days and gifts arrays.

  • It enters a loop that iterates through each day in the days array.

  • Within the loop:

    • It prints the name of the current day (e.g., "On the second day of Christmas").
    • If it's the first day (i.e., i == 0), it prints the gift for that day (i.e., "A partridge in a pear tree").
    • Otherwise, it enters a nested loop that iterates in reverse order from the current day to the first day (i.e., from i to 0).
    • Within the nested loop, it prints the gift associated with each day.

• The program concludes by printing a newline character to separate each day's output.

In summary, this program serves as an implementation of the Christmas carol "The Twelve Days of Christmas" using C++ arrays and loops.

#include <iostream>
#include <array>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    const array<string, 12> days
    {
        "first",
        "second",
        "third",
        "fourth",
        "fifth",
        "sixth",
        "seventh",
        "eighth",
        "ninth",
        "tenth",
        "eleventh",
        "twelfth"
    };
  
    const array<string, 12> gifts
    {
        "And a partridge in a pear tree",
        "Two turtle doves",
        "Three french hens",
        "Four calling birds",
        "FIVE GOLDEN RINGS",
        "Six geese a-laying",
        "Seven swans a-swimming",
        "Eight maids a-milking",
        "Nine ladies dancing",
        "Ten lords a-leaping",
        "Eleven pipers piping",
        "Twelve drummers drumming"
    };

    for(int i = 0; i < days.size(); ++i)
    {
        cout << "On the " << days[i] << " day of christmas, my true love gave to me\n";

        if(i == 0)
        {
            cout << "A partridge in a pear tree\n";
        }
        else
        {
            int j = i + 1;
            while(j-- > 0) cout << gifts[j] << '\n';
        }

        cout << '\n';
    }

    return 0;
}