Step by Step solution about How to resolve the algorithm Tokenize a string step by step in the JavaScript programming language

1. String Manipulation. The first line of code uses the split() and join() methods to convert the comma-separated string into a dot-separated string. The split() method splits the string into an array of substrings using the comma as a delimiter. The join() method then combines the substrings into a new string using the dot as a separator. The result is a string with the dots replacing the commas:

"Hello.How.Are.You.Today"

2. Tokenisation Function. The code defines a Tokeniser function which is used to tokenise a given string. Tokenisation is the process of breaking down a string into smaller units called tokens. The Tokeniser function takes a string as input and returns an array of tokens.

3. Tokeniser Settings. The settings property of the Tokeniser function defines the settings that are used to tokenise the string. These settings include:

• operators: An array of characters that are considered to be operators.
• separators: An array of characters that are considered to be separators.
• groupers: An array of characters that are considered to be groupers.
• keepWhiteSpacesAsTokens: A boolean value that indicates whether or not to keep whitespace characters as tokens.
• trimTokens: A boolean value that indicates whether or not to trim the whitespace from tokens.

4. Number Check Function. The isNumber function of the Tokeniser function is used to check if a given value is a number. The function returns true if the value is a number, and false otherwise. The function uses a regular expression to determine if the value is a number.

5. Close Grouper Function. The closeGrouper function of the Tokeniser function is used to get the closing grouper for a given grouper. The function takes a grouper character as input and returns the corresponding closing grouper character. For example, if the input character is ( (open parenthesis), the output character will be ) (close parenthesis).

6. Token Type Function. The tokenType function of the Tokeniser function is used to determine the type of a given character. The function takes a character as input and returns one of the following token types:

• "operator"
• "separator"
• "grouper"
• "other"

The function uses the settings property to determine the type of the character.

7. Parse String Function. The parseString function of the Tokeniser function is used to tokenise a given string. The function takes a string as input and returns an array of tokens. The function uses the following steps to tokenise the string:

• It iterates over each character in the string.
• For each character, it determines the token type of the character.
• If the token type of the character is different from the token type of the previous character, it adds the current token to the array of tokens.
• If the token type of the character is a separator, it adds the current token to the array of tokens, even if it is empty.
• If the token type of the character is a grouper, it adds the current token to the array of tokens, even if it is empty, and it also adds the closing grouper to the array of tokens.
• It repeats steps 2-4 for each character in the string.

8. Example Usage. The last line of code calls the parseString function of the Tokeniser function to tokenise the string "Hello,How,Are,You,Today". The function returns an array of tokens which is then logged to the console:

['Hello', ',', 'How', ',', 'Are', ',', 'You', ',', 'Today']

console.log(
    "Hello,How,Are,You,Today"
        .split(",")
        .join(".")
);


const Tokeniser = (function () {
	const numberRegex = /-?(\d+\.d+|\d+\.|\.\d+|\d+)((e|E)(\+|-)?\d+)?/g;
	return {
		settings: {
			operators: ["<", ">", "=", "+", "-", "*", "/", "?", "!"],
			separators: [",", ".", ";", ":", " ", "\t", "\n"],
			groupers: ["(", ")", "[", "]", "{", "}", '"', '"', "'", "'"],
			keepWhiteSpacesAsTokens: false,
			trimTokens: true
		},
		isNumber: function (value) {
			if (typeof value === "number") {
				return true;
			} else if (typeof value === "string") {
				return numberRegex.test(value);
			}
			return false;
		},
		closeGrouper: function (grouper) {
			if (this.settings.groupers.includes(grouper)) {
				return this.settings.groupers[this.settings.groupers.indexOf(grouper) + 1];
			}
			return null;
		},
		tokenType: function (char) {
			if (this.settings.operators.includes(char)) {
				return "operator";
			} else if (this.settings.separators.includes(char)) {
				return "separator";
			} else if (this.settings.groupers.includes(char)) {
				return "grouper";
			}
			return "other";
		},
		parseString: function (str) {
			if (typeof str !== "string") {
				if (str === null) {
					return "null";
				} if (typeof str === "object") {
					str = JSON.stringify(str);
				} else {
					str = str.toString();
				}
			}
			let tokens = [], _tempToken = "";
			for (let i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
				if (this.tokenType(_tempToken) !== this.tokenType(str[i]) || this.tokenType(str[i]) === "separator") {
					if (_tempToken.trim() !== "") {
						tokens.push(this.settings.trimTokens ? _tempToken.trim() : _tempToken);
					} else if (this.settings.keepWhiteSpacesAsTokens) {
						tokens.push(_tempToken);
					}
					_tempToken = str[i];
					if (this.tokenType(_tempToken) === "separator") {
						if (_tempToken.trim() !== "") {
							tokens.push(this.settings.trimTokens ? _tempToken.trim() : _tempToken);
						} else if (this.settings.keepWhiteSpacesAsTokens) {
							tokens.push(_tempToken);
						}
						_tempToken = "";
					}
				} else {
					_tempToken += str[i];
				}
			}
			if (_tempToken.trim() !== "") {
				tokens.push(this.settings.trimTokens ? _tempToken.trim() : _tempToken);
			} else if (this.settings.keepWhiteSpacesAsTokens) {
				tokens.push(_tempToken);
			}
			return tokens.filter((token) => token !== "");
		}
	};
})();


Tokeniser.parseString("Hello,How,Are,You,Today");

// -> ['Hello', ',', 'How', ',', 'Are', ',', 'You', ',', 'Today']