How to resolve the algorithm XML/DOM serialization step by step in the Java programming language

Published on 12 May 2024 09:40 PM
#Java

How to resolve the algorithm XML/DOM serialization step by step in the Java programming language

Table of Contents

Problem Statement

Create a simple DOM and having it serialize to:

Let's start with the solution:

Step by Step solution about How to resolve the algorithm XML/DOM serialization step by step in the Java programming language

Here's a detailed explanation of the Java source code you provided:

Purpose:

  • This code demonstrates how to create an XML document in Java using the Document Object Model (DOM) API and then serialize it into a string representation.

Key Steps:

  1. Building the DOM Document:

    • Object Creation:
      • A DocumentBuilderFactory object is created to configure and obtain document builders.
      • A DocumentBuilder object is created to parse XML documents and create DOM trees.
      • A DOMImplementation object is used to create DOM documents.
      • A Document object represents the root of the DOM tree.
      • Element objects represent individual elements within the XML structure.
    • Element Construction:
      • A root element named "root" is created.
      • A child element named "element" with the text content "Some text here" is created and added to the root element.
    • Document Assembly:
      • The root element is appended to the document, forming the complete DOM structure.

  2. Serializing the XML:

    • Transformer Configuration:
      • A TransformerFactory object is used to create transformers for converting DOM trees into different output formats.
      • A Transformer object is created and configured with output properties to control the XML format:
        • Inclusion of XML declaration
        • Encoding (UTF-8 in this case)
        • Indentation for readability
        • Standalone document declaration
        • Indentation amount (2 spaces)
    • Output Setup:
      • A StringWriter object is used as a destination for the serialized XML content.
      • A StreamResult object directs the output to the StringWriter.
    • Serialization:
      • The transformer converts the DOM document into an XML string and writes it to the StringWriter.
      • The resulting XML string is printed to the console.

Main Method:

  • The serializationDriver method calls the buildDOMDocument and serializeXML methods to create and serialize the XML.
  • The main method simply calls serializationDriver to initiate the process.

Code Output:

  • The code produces the following XML output:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<root>
  <element>Some text here</element>
</root>

Additional Notes:

  • The code includes exception handling to catch potential errors during document building and serialization.
  • The DOM API offers a flexible way to create and manipulate XML structures in Java.

Source code in the java programming language

import java.io.StringWriter;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactoryConfigurationError;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;

import org.w3c.dom.DOMImplementation;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;

public class RDOMSerialization {

  private Document domDoc;

  public RDOMSerialization() {
    return;
  }

  protected void buildDOMDocument() {

    DocumentBuilderFactory factory;
    DocumentBuilder builder;
    DOMImplementation impl;
    Element elmt1;
    Element elmt2;

    try {
      factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
      builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
      impl = builder.getDOMImplementation();
      domDoc = impl.createDocument(null, null, null);
      elmt1 = domDoc.createElement("root");
      elmt2 = domDoc.createElement("element");
      elmt2.setTextContent("Some text here");

      domDoc.appendChild(elmt1);
      elmt1.appendChild(elmt2);
    }
    catch (ParserConfigurationException ex) {
      ex.printStackTrace();
    }

    return;
  }

  protected void serializeXML() {

    DOMSource domSrc;
    Transformer txformer;
    StringWriter sw;
    StreamResult sr;

    try {
      domSrc = new DOMSource(domDoc);

      txformer = TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer();
      txformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.OMIT_XML_DECLARATION, "no");
      txformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.METHOD, "xml");
      txformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING, "UTF-8");
      txformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
      txformer.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.STANDALONE, "yes");
      txformer.setOutputProperty("{http://xml.apache.org/xslt}indent-amount", "2");

      sw = new StringWriter();
      sr = new StreamResult(sw);

      txformer.transform(domSrc, sr);

      System.out.println(sw.toString());
    }
    catch (TransformerConfigurationException ex) {
      ex.printStackTrace();
    }
    catch (TransformerFactoryConfigurationError ex) {
      ex.printStackTrace();
    }
    catch (TransformerException ex) {
      ex.printStackTrace();
    }

    return;
  }

  public static void serializationDriver(String[] args) {

    RDOMSerialization lcl = new RDOMSerialization();
    lcl.buildDOMDocument();
    lcl.serializeXML();

    return;
  }

  public static void main(String[] args) {
    serializationDriver(args);
    return;
  }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<root>
  <element>Some text here</element>
</root>

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