Step by Step solution about How to resolve the algorithm Sorting algorithms/Cocktail sort step by step in the C# programming language

The provided code is an implementation of the Cocktail sort algorithm in C#. Here's how the algorithm works:

1. Initialization:

   • The cocktailSort method takes an integer array A as input.
   • It initializes a boolean variable swapped to false, which indicates whether any swaps have occurred during the current pass.

2. Sorting Loop:

   • The algorithm enters a do-while loop that continues as long as swapped is true. This means that at least one swap has occurred during the previous pass, so the algorithm continues sorting.

3. Forward Pass:

   • In the forward pass, the algorithm iterates through the array A from the beginning (index 0) to the second-to-last element (index A.Length - 2).
   • For each pair of adjacent elements A[i] and A[i + 1], it checks if A[i] is greater than A[i + 1]. If they are in the wrong order, it swaps them using a temporary variable temp.
   • If any swaps occur during this pass, swapped is set to true.

4. Reverse Pass:

   • If swapped is still true after the forward pass, it means that the array is not yet sorted.
   • In the reverse pass, the algorithm iterates through the array A from the second-to-last element (index A.Length - 2) to the beginning (index 0).
   • For each pair of adjacent elements A[i] and A[i + 1], it checks if A[i] is greater than A[i + 1]. If they are in the wrong order, it swaps them using temp.
   • If any swaps occur during this pass, swapped is set to true.

5. Exit Loop:

   • The loop continues alternating between forward and reverse passes until no swaps occur in both passes. When swapped remains false after both passes, it means that the array is fully sorted.
   • The loop then exits, and the sorted array is stored in A.

Cocktail sort is a simple and stable sorting algorithm that performs multiple passes through the array, swapping adjacent elements that are out of order. It is not as efficient as some more advanced sorting algorithms, but it is easy to implement and understand.

public static void cocktailSort(int[] A)
    {
        bool swapped;
        do
        {
            swapped = false;
            for (int i = 0; i <= A.Length - 2; i++)
            {
                if (A[i] > A[i + 1])
                {
                    //test whether the two elements are in the wrong order
                    int temp = A[i];
                    A[i] = A[i + 1];
                    A[i + 1] = temp;
                    swapped = true;
                }
            }
            if (!swapped)
            {
                //we can exit the outer loop here if no swaps occurred.
                break;
            }
            swapped = false;
            for (int i = A.Length - 2; i >= 0; i--)
            {
                if (A[i] > A[i + 1])
                {
                    int temp = A[i];
                    A[i] = A[i + 1];
                    A[i + 1] = temp;
                    swapped = true;
                }
            }
            //if no elements have been swapped, then the list is sorted
        } while (swapped);
    }